Web Selenium

Table of Contents

1.         Selenium Introduction. 3  `

1.1       Selenium Projects. 3

1.2       Selenium IDE (IDE) 3

1.3       Selenium Core (CORE) 3

1.4       Selenium Remote Control (RC) 3

1.5       Selenium Grid. 3

1.6       Selenium Supported Browsers . 4

1.7       Supported Operating Systems. 4

1.8       Supported Programming languages. 4

2.         Selenium Set up in Eclipse. 5

2.1       Required Software. 5

2.2       Procedure. 5

3.         Selenium Commands. 13

3.1       Element Locator 13

3.2       Important Selenium Commands. 14

4.         Tools for identifying the element names and IDs. 16

4.1       Debug bar 16

4.2       Firebug. 16

5.         Selenium Script Explanation. 17

6.         Selenium Scripts for a site. 19

6.1       Login. 19

6.2       Multiple_Login1. 19

6.3       Login_Import_Export1. 19

6.4       Simple_Acc_Registration. 19

6.5       Multiple_Acc_Registration. 19

6.6       Multiple_Acc_Reg_login. 19

1.        Selenium Introduction 

Selenium is a suite of tools to automate web app testing across many platforms. It is a GUI based automation tool. Initially it is built by Thought Works. It supports various browsers on various platforms

1.1       Selenium Projects 

Selenium has many projects. Following projects are mostly used by testers. 

1. Selenium IDE

2. Selenium Core

3. Selenium Remote Control

4. Selenium Grid

1.2        Selenium IDE (IDE)

Selenium IDE can be used only in FireFox. It is an add-on for FireFox. User can record the actions and can edit and debug the tests. It can be used to identify IDs, name and XPath of objects. Only one test at a time.

1.3       Selenium Core (CORE) 

Selenium Core is the original Java script-based testing system. This technique should work with any JavaScript enabled browser. It is the engine of both, Selenium IDE and Selenium RC (driven mode), but it also can be deployed on the desired application server. It is used specifically for the acceptance testing. User can record the tests using Selenium IDE and can use the same tests to run in other browsers with minimal modifications. It provides support to run the tests in HTA (HTML Applications) Mode. This mode works only in IE.

1.4       Selenium Remote Control (RC) 

Selenium Remote Control is a test tool that allows user to write automated web application UI tests in few programming languages against any HTTP website using any mainstream JavaScript-enabled browser. User can write the tests (More expressive programming language than the Selenese HTML table format) in Java, DotNet, Perl, Ruby and PHP. Also it supports few testing frameworks.

1.5  Selenium Grid 

Selenium Grid allows easily to run multiple tests in parallel, on multiple machines, in an heterogeneous environment by cutting down the time required for test execution. Using this, user can run multiple instances of Selenium Remote Control in parallel.

1.6       Selenium Supported Browsers
 

Selenium tools can run in following browsers.
* Internet Explorer
* FireFox
* Opera
*Chrome
* Safari
* Seamonkey

1.7       Supported Operating Systems

Users can execute the selenium tests in following OS.
* Windows
* Linux
* Solaris
* OS X

1.8       Supported Programming languages 

Below languages are supported by Selenium RC.

* C# (DotNet)
* Java
* Perl
* Ruby
* Python
* PHP

2.          Selenium Set up in Eclipse

This section will explain how to set up selenium in Eclipse.

2.1       Required Software

·         Eclipse (Version 3.7) –  http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/

eclipse-jee-indigo-win32-x86_64.zip

·         Jdk 1.5.0_11 or above

          http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index_jdk5.jsp

·         selenium-server-standalone-2.16.0.jar

2.2       Procedure

1.        Install Eclipse, JDK in the machine

2.        Create an empty folder (AutomatedTestScripts) in C drive

3.        Open eclipse (c: \eclipse\eclipse.exe)

After clicking Ok you will get below screen select “work bench”.

You will get the below screen—eclipse environment.

Create Java Project

1. File—New—Java Project

2.  Give Project name (VFUKNewCo)

3. Click Configure JREs in that screen. You will get a new window.

4. Click Add—Standard VMànext.

JRE Home—we need to specify path.

Click directory—browse the path where you created the folder (F:\Selenium_scripts1\jdk1.5.0_11\jre)

All jar files will be added. Click Finish and click OK

Click finish on the open window (New Java Project window)

You can see the new project Selenium_scripts1 in eclipse window.

New Java Project with all jar files.

Now Right click on JRE System Library[Java SE-1.7]

Select Build Path-àconfigure Build Path.

A new window will be opened. Select Libraries tab and click Add External Jars Button.

Select the required Jar files mentioned below:

o    selenium-server-standalone-2.16.0.jar

o    logging-selenium-1.2.jar

o    iText-2.1.5.jar

Click OK.

You can see all Jar files under Referenced Libraries Tab.

Click Ok.

You can see the Referenced Libraries…

Now need to start selenium server…

Go to RUNà type cmd àopen command prompt…

Change the directory to where the standalone jar is located:

Start the server with the command: java –jar selenium-server-standalone-2.7.0.jar

Press Enter, server will start as shown below:

Note: Don’t click on this cmd prompt window.

Your selenium server will be up and running….

Now you can write your scripts and Enjoy Selenium Automation….

Right click on src – New – class

Give Package with the name as com.vfuk.tests and Name as Example and click Finish

               

It will open your editor with file name First

3.          Selenium Commands

3.1       Element Locator

Element Locators tell Selenium which HTML element a command refers to.

The format of a locator is:  locatorType=argument

Example: - (“link=click”)

Selenium supports the following strategies for locating elements:

id=id

Select the element with the specified @id attribute

name=name

Select the first element with the specified @name attribute.

·         username

·         name=username

xpath=xpathExpression

Locate an element using an XPath expression.

·         xpath=//img[@alt='The image alt text']

·         xpath=//table[@id='table1']//tr[4]/td[2]

link=textPattern

Select the link (anchor) element which contains text matching the specified pattern.

·         link=The link text

3.2       Important Selenium Commands

Command	Usage	Description
start()	selenium.start();	Launches the browser with a new Selenium session
stop()	selenium.stop();	Ends the current Selenium testing session (normally killing the browser)
click()	selenium.click("link=Home"); selenium.click("name=send");	Clicks on a link, button, checkbox or radio button. If the click action causes a new page to load (like a link usually does), call waitForPageToLoad.
doubleClick()		Double clicks on a link, button, checkbox or radio button. If the double click action causes a new page to load (like a link usually does), call waitForPageToLoad.
type()	Type(    string locator,    string value ); selenium.type("name=login[username]", ndasam);	Sets the value of an input field, as though you typed it in. Can also be used to set the value of combo boxes, check boxes, etc. In these cases, value should be the value of the option selected, not the visible text.
check()	Check(    string locator ); selenium.check ("guest”);	Check a toggle-button (checkbox/radio)
uncheck()	Uncheck(    string locator );	Uncheck a toggle-button (checkbox/radio)
select()	Select(    string selectLocator,    string optionLocator ); selenium.select("payware_expiration_yr", "label=2010”);	Select an option from a drop-down using an option locator.

4.          Tools for identifying the element names and IDs 

             We have to use some tools to identify the element locators.

4.1       Debug bar

Debug bar is an Internet Explorer plug-in.

1.      We can use this tool for identifying the element names and Ids.

2.      View source code

You can download Debug bar by using the link http://www.debugbar.com/?langage=en

4.2       Firebug 

Firebug integrates with Firefox to put a wealth of development tools at your fingertips while you browse. You can edit, debug, and monitor CSS, HTML, and JavaScript live in any web page...

1.      Inspect HTML and modify style and layout in real-time

2.      Accurately analyze network usage and performance

You can download fire bug using the link https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/1843/

5.          Selenium Script Explanation

Here we can see the code for simple login and logout functionality with comments and the explanation of code.

import com.thoughtworks.selenium.DefaultSelenium; //Selenium package

//Class name[class name should equal to program name]

public class Login {

 //creating a method

                public static void Login_results() throws Exception

                {

                                /*Defining the selenium method if you want to declare Default selenium outside the method you need to declare as public

public static DefaultSelenium selenium=new DefaultSelenium("localhost",4444,"*iehta","http://");

localhost—serverHost

4444 ---  serverport

Iehta ----- browserstart command(we can use *firefox also)

http:// ---browser URL(Here we can give full URL of site) */    

                     DefaultSelenium selenium=new DefaultSelenium("localhost", 4444, "*iehta", "http://");

//this command will start the selenium                              

selenium.start();

//to open the URL

                                selenium.open("www.example.com");

//Maximizes the window

                                selenium.windowMaximize();

//to read user name

                                selenium.type("name=login[username]", "dnr5dnr@gmail.com");

//to read password               

                selenium.type("name=login[password]", "xxxxx");

//click login button                

selenium.click("send2");

//waits until the page loads

                                selenium.waitForPageToLoad("50000");

//click the link sign out

                                selenium.click("link=Sign Out");

// print message

                                System.out.println("Login and Log out success");

                }

                public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

                                Login_results();

                }

}